Which Large Language Models exist?

New ParagraWe summarized all relevant large language models in this blog post. If you want to learn what a LLM is read the following article about What is a Large Language Model.

If you  want to see the latest benchmarks to evaluate the best LLMs have a look at the Hugging Face Benchmark or at sapling.ai. There is also the FLASK evaluation framework (Fine-grained Language Model Evaluation based on Alignment SKill Sets), a fine-grained evaluation protocol that can be used for both model-based and human-based evaluation).

LLaMA 2 by Meta (Facebook) gained popularity because it is an open-source model that can be completely used for free also for commercial use cases. LLaMA-13B outperforms GPT-3 (175B) on most benchmarks, and LLaMA65B is competitive with the best models, Chinchilla-70B and PaLM-540B. This paper gives all details.

ChatGPT is the first Generative AI Chatbot presented by OpenAI to the market in November 2022, it is fine-tuned from either GPT-3.5 or GPT-4 Large Language Models using Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF). It allows us to chat in a conversational way, supporting many tasks like the answer to questions, writing summaries, debugging codes, generating texts and more.

Falcon first released in October 2021 was developed by a research center in Abu Dabi. It is optimized for performance and efficiency and focusses on high-quality data. "It outperforms GPT-3 for only 75% of the training compute budget—and requires a fifth of the compute at inference time."

Bard by Google was released on February 2023. It is based on the LLM PaLM 2 (May 2023) and originated from LaMDA Large Language Model. In contrast to ChatGPT the search data is from the web and in real-time meaning, it is not based on data until 2021. PaLM is multimodal, but only for it's domain specific model Med-PaLM 2.

h2oGPT is part of the platform H2O.ai supporting a variety of models: GPT 3.5 turbo, LLaMA 2, Falcon. You can use it either online or locally or with a UI.

Claude 2 by Anthropic works like ChatGPT, updates in real-time and is a upcoming competitor to ChatGPT and Bard.

Dolly was developed by Databricks and released in March 2023. It has a size of 12 billion parameters, based on EleutherAI’s Pythia model and fine-tuned on 15.000 record instruction corpus generated among Databricks employees.

Find a great comparison charts below from helpful sources.